What is the difference between NPT, FIP and MIP threads?

NPT (National Pipe Thread), FIP (Female Iron Pipe), and MIP (Male Iron Pipe) are terms used to describe different types of pipe threads commonly used in plumbing and other industrial applications. These terms primarily refer to the gender of the thread (male or female) and the type of sealing mechanism they employ. Here’s a breakdown of the differences between them:

NPT (National Pipe Thread)

NPT refers to a type of tapered thread used in the United States for pipes and fittings.

It has a taper of 1:16, which means the diameter of the thread decreases as you move towards the end of the pipe.
NPT threads are designed to create a tight seal by wedging the threads together as they are tightened.
There are two types of NPT threads: NPT and NPTF (National Pipe Taper Fuel), with NPTF having additional thread features for improved sealing.

MIP (Male Iron Pipe)

MIP is actually just another name for NPT thread. It also refers to the male-threaded end of a pipe or fitting. It’s designed to be inserted into a female-threaded component.

MIP (NPT) threads can be found on the outside of pipes, fittings, and other components.
MIP (NPT) threads can mate with either NPT or FIP threads, depending on the application.

FIP (Female Iron Pipe)

MIP is the female version of FIP and thus the same as female NPT thread.

FIP (FNPT) refers to the female-threaded end of a pipe or fitting. It’s designed to receive the male-threaded end of another component.
FIP (FNPT) threads can be found on the inside of fittings, valves, and other components.
FIP (FNPT) threads can mate with either NPT or MIP threads, depending on the application.

So what is the difference?

In summary, the key differences between NPT, FIP, and MIP threads lie in their gender (male or female) and the type of taper they use. NPT threads are commonly used in the United States for pipes and fittings and rely on a taper for sealing. FIP and MIP threads, on the other hand, refer to the female and male-threaded ends of components, respectively, and can be compatible with NPT threads or other similar standards depending on the specific application.

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